Erythrai is an ancient city located within the boundaries of Ildırı village in the Çeşme district of İzmir. With a history dating back to the early 1st millennium BCE, this city is considered one of the twelve major settlements of the Ionian region. The name Erythrai derives from the Greek word “erythros,” meaning “red.” This name is thought to come from the color of the local soil or possibly from one of the Erythrai kings said to have settled here in the 10th century BCE.

In ancient times, Erythrai was known as a prosperous port city enriched by trade. Its strategic location allowed for a lively commercial network with islands to the east of the Aegean Sea and the interior of Anatolia. This made the city a vital center both economically and culturally.

Archaeological excavations have uncovered remnants of the Athena Polias Temple, city walls, a theater, and an agora. The Athena Polias Temple, in particular, was a significant religious and cultural focal point of the city. During antiquity, Erythrai was also renowned as a center of prophecy. The Sibylla, female seers who resided here, were known for making predictions about the future.

Today, the ruins of Erythrai Ancient City can be visited. The city’s theater, with its stunning view of the sea, captivates visitors. Moreover, the region’s magnificent natural beauty of the Aegean adds to the experience, making it an appealing destination for those who want to explore both history and nature.